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Interview: Part II: Barry Diller: ‘The Business Model For Content Is To Be Paid For It’

imageThe backdrop behind the front desk in the lobby of IAC’s Chelsea headquarters shows glittering lights on a world map, each one signaling a visit to one of the company’s websites—more than 835 million across its network in April from roughly 194 million uniques, according to comScore (NSDQ: SCOR). Use a blue wheel and you can see a specific site: search engine Ask, Citysearch, Match.com, ServiceMagic, virtual worlds Zwinky and GirlSense, Daily Beast and more. But not as many as there were before IAC (NSDQ: IACI) spun into five pieces, leaving this version a more manageable size with only 35 or so brands. No Expedia. No Lending Tree. No Ticketmaster. No HSN (NSDQ: HSNI). Barry Diller’s grand dream of convergence that once included cable networks and transactions has been pared down to a pure internet company that doesn’t rely on synergies.

In part one of his interview with paidContent focusing on that shift in digital strategy, Diller, the chairman and CEO of IAC, talked about his realization that “a ‘glomeration,’ or multiple disparate assets, was a bad management concept.” In part two, he talks about what’s left at IAC, the further “editing” of its emerging businesses (yesterday, IAC confirmed RushmoreDrive.com is closing), and why it’s “silly” to talk about business models for Tina Brown’s Daily Beast. Edited excerpts below.

Staci D. Kramer: Citysearch. You’ve gone though a remake of it. You added Urbanspoon. What does it signify to you?

Barry Diller: It gives unique content. Urbanspoon is a nice, little application … and it’s perfect, of course, for Citysearch because of the reviews it contains and the ability for Citysearch to use that content. We’ve also bought Insider Pages, which is the same kind, also review based, because the more content Citysearch has, the stronger it’s going to be. It has a huge audience 25-28 million uniques a month. That’s huge.

Who do you see as its main competitor?

The next competitor would be Yelp, which is a bit of a different concept. Vegas.com is a good example.

In terms of the big players …

For Google (NSDQ: GOOG), Yahoo (NSDQ: YHOO), Microsoft (NSDQ: MSFT), Ask, the players of search, AOL (NYSE: TWX)—their efforts at local, they have never really attacked the way Citysearch has city by city, merchant by merchant, which is where Citysearch really has established itself. It has a lot of publishers, a huge number of publishers, and an awful lot of traffic in a circle of commerce. A lot of applications have online versions of themselves but none of them have really done the job. 

The directory businesses are in huge trouble.

The directories businesses still make nothing but money. They’re overleveraged, they’re bankrupt entities, but they still are the largest. This is all going to move online over time. Why Citysearch and ServiceMagic are so important to us, is because nobody has really colonized it yet completely. There’s no question that local activity is going to continue forever. Organizing it online is probably the most difficult area (thumping desk for punctuation) because it is so local. There are so many merchants, so connecting it into a service that both gets you the things you want to know about all of those services in one place and then has the commerce relationships, the merchant relationships—talk about impossible tasks. Citysearch has been working on it for 10 years and it’s a third of the way there, 20 percent of the way there. It’s way ahead of everybody else.

Ask isn’t going to be the #1 search engine.

Ask is a distant player in search. Search is a big market and it’s a smaller player but it has revenues for us in excess of $500 million a year so that’s not nothing. We believe that can be built upon.

What needs to happen with Ask in its next iteration—with Jim (Safka) leaving, with Microsoft reforming and putting a $100 million into their ad campaign?

Bing is a better effort than the one they had and they’ll put a lot behind it and they’ll increase their queries. Ask has been, from the period a year ago, has been each quarter increasing its queries year over year, adding audience, not as fast as we would like and we simply have to keep going and building that with the recognition that a head-on approach to Google is not going to work. What we do believe will work is giving people answers to queries rather than 10 blue links. It’s hacking it through the side, through the verticals, being the best. Currently one example that is out there at the moment is being the search engine of Nascar.

Looking at the emerging businesses, do you want to keep the ones you have now or are you still winnowing?

We’re winnowing. 

You’re taking your time with it..

We’re editing. We’re going to continue to edit everywhere.

There’s been some heat on the Daily Beast for not having a business model to match the success of its early branding. They got out of the gate so much faster than a lot of people would have thought but even Tina (Brown) and Caroline (Marks) admitted early on, no, we’re working on the business model, we want to get the brand out there.

It’s silly. The business model for content is to be paid for it. You can be paid for it either though advertising or subscriptions—or some new invention, But right now what we’ve got is advertising revenue and subscription revenue as the only way to be paid for content. Right?

You can do a little bit with e-commerce, but yes.

E-Commerce?

Well, with placement—if you see something in a story, you can buy it through the story.

Please, that’s silly. That was tried. That’s never going to happen. It’s not like you’re in search of a business model. What we decided was to do something different with the Daily Beast. We knew we would not produce any real revenue until we had established the brand, so to speak, established the content as a place that anybody wanted to access. What we said was we’re not going to take any ads. I didn’t not want to—we actually did in a misunderstanding, we did take an ad very early, which when I saw it, I said, ‘how can you do this? This is terrible.’ I don’t want to take an ad now because it’s not going to produce revenue for us at this stage and until we conceptualize a manner of advertising that is different than standard display, the little 2X300 box, which we don’t want to do at the Daily Beast, until we figure that out, I don’t want to take any advertising.

In the early period, we worked on a concept for advertising that was different than the current method of display advertising. The first rollout for that was a Bottega Veneta ad, which nobody had ever seen before. That’s what we’re going to pursue—a magazine approach to advertising, an art approach to advertising rather than an internet approach to advertising. The ‘lack of a business model’ was nuts. Business model, in this case, makes no sense. There are only a couple of ways to pay for content. Either advertisers or you can charge in macro or micro subscription payments. Within that, we do think we are innovating how to do advertising in a different way than has been done before on the internet.

I guess you picked a good time to have a business that you didn’t want advertising for.

Yes, it’s convenient. We knew if you’re going to start a content business, the idea that you’re going to get any revenue to support it in the early days is foolishness.

How much time do you see for that? Do you adjust it according to the environment? Do you and Tina have …

In anything like that, anything you say is bullshit. So I don’t want to say it. I could say, well, two years, but a year and a half from now, it’s only about 6 months old, how the hell do I know what the conditions are going to be, what success we will have achieved editorially in terms of the brand, what kind of revenue we’ll be getting.  I don’t know.

You have $2 billion in cash. You could acquire a lot more now than you have a year ago with that same amount money.

Probably so.

But you don’t want an AOL.

We’re not out there acquiring.

AOL doing the right thing with the spinoff?

Yes, profoundly.

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Jun 10, 2009 11:00 AM ET
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Posted In: Advertising, Search, Technologies / Formats, Companies, IAC

  • John

    Its unbelievable that people running these large corporations can be so limited in their thinking. Advertising and subscriptions are the only ways to get paid? Are you kidding me? That's as far as their thinking goes? Talk about limited vision.
    People will go where they can get the content they are looking for. Companies will give them that content if it makes economic sense to do so. Its that simple. And yes there are lots of ways to make money along the way.  The bricks and mortar world evolved to make it easy for the consumer, I can't wait until someone in the internet world figures it out.

  • @Greg, with all due respect, that is just nonsense.

    Payment is not that complicated.

  • @ Patricia,

    Yes, there ARE "tons of paywalls," and that is one of the problems: that they are so many and that they are walls.

    Anyone who surf a lot or, say, commute to work via a couple of tollways or toll bridges will understand the difference between paywalls (aka toll booths that often require “exact change” and a long long wait to pass through them) and micropayments, such as Znak! It!, for example, that can be compared to Green Pass gates—you have to pay, sure, but the transaction is digital, if you will, so you can go through quickly and more comfortably. That is just one big advantage of current micropayments (do not mistake them with the earlier models; they were flawed), but there are more, lots more, if you think about it.

    I believe Facebook is building such a micropayment platform based in virtual currency, which can be used worldwide. They are in the right direction but late; such platforms already exists and can be used today by Facebook users, NYT, Mr. Diller's IAC, or anyone, for that matter. Just call Znak it! :-)

  • Micropayments are not the answer or are they necessary.

    TONS of paywalls exist on the internet and people pay them. The problem is ignorance—the giant people that run things do not understand the internet, and so they make foolish mistakes that train the audience/users the wrong direction. SOME of the web will always be free. SOME of it will be paid. The question is not WILL people pay but WHAT they will pay for.

    Hope that helps! :)

  • I agree with Barry Diller or, in fact, with Milton Friedman's "there is no such a thing as a free lunch."

    The problems is that for the past couple of years the idea of paid content and micropayments in particular were ridiculed not only by most Internet gurus (such as Clay Shirky) but also most of the Silicon Valley practitioners and VCs.

    They were all wrong, of course—now we know it—but the damage has been done. Now, we have billions of dollars concentrated in a handful of companies that feed on "a cesspool of misinformation" and… well, "a cesspool of misinformation" instead of the Information Superhighway the Net could have become.

  • Staci

    My CEO sent every employee in the company the the link to highlight two issues - Barry Diller insights but really more importantly this time to highlight the questions.

    the quality and the way the questions are structured – crisp, incisive, direct and interesting. The focus tends to be so much on the interviewee but the quality of the interviewer can elevate the quality of the discussion

    Great job

    Ram Badrinathan

  • I hope nobody listens to Paul up there in the comments. Sorry. That's completely false.

    What world do people live in where content is completely ad supported besides the internet? I pay $4 for Lucky Magazine and $50 or something for cable TV and both are littered with ads. That is because in the content environment, we the consumers share the cost with advertisers. I do not understand why allegedly brilliant people in a market who run giant media companies aren't seeing this, honestly. We as users/consumers/audiences/viewers/readers are trained to accept this model. I'm okay with it if the content is good. Most consumers are—that is why cable TV and magazines have always so far worked.

    The internet is just here to replace or modify the other platforms/distribution channels that are in the market—it will be the same world, just a different platform.

    We should be focusing on how to move the user to where they need to go so we can make money versus trying to figure out models that could exist if only people would see the big picture for what it is.

  • Staci D. Kramer

    Thanks, John. In the case of the ads, I felt like he explained that what he was looking for was something different than standard display ads. I also may have edited his response too tightly there when it comes to innovation—at another point he went for interesting, but that wouldn't work for you either

    On this business plan, yes, I believe they have one. But I also think he's right—particularly with what I've seen lately—to suggest that we don't really know how events will impact plans like that. He could give a date now but he also could change his mind based on other factors. I think he's proven to be quite capable of shutting down projects.

  • John Mecklin

    Just because you're worth billions doesn't mean that, when you utter nonsequiturs, a journalist should just accept them and move on to the next subservient question. When someone (even a billionaire) says, "The first rollout for that was a Bottega Veneta ad, which nobody had ever seen before," but he is actually just describing an advertorial (and a pretty lame one, to boot), he ought to be asked why he thought the ad was so damn innovative.

    Look, kids: Every real business has a business plan that includes annual and multiyear projections for expenses and revenues. When Mr. Diller contends, "In anything like that, anything you say is bullshit. So I don’t want to say it. I could say, well, two years, but a year and a half from now, it’s only about 6 months old, how the hell do I know what the conditions are going to be, what success we will have achieved editorially in terms of the brand, what kind of revenue we’ll be getting.  I don’t know," he's saying one of two things: 1) He has no business plan and this is a vanity project, or 2) he has a business plan, but thinks he can intimidate this journalist into not pushing him to explain what it is.

    I bet on number two.

  • Moral of the story is 'Think Local'.
    Subhankar Ray
    AAfter Search

  • The problem with everyone trying to answer "what's next for journalism" and the business model that will work is that the conventional wisdom (or lack of it) is a completely backwards perception.  Paying for content is similarly skewed the wrong way.  You can't find a way to pay for journalistic content, because, by definition and profession, journalism and payment are mutually exclusive.  Granted, the line continually blurs in every media.  But at hometowntimes.com, we see the model that works - payment comes from what everyone expects - advertising.  And advertising allows for the delivery of the unique content that drives readership. Which drives more interest by advertisers.  That's the way the model is supposed to work.  The only issues have been the inadequacy to leverage the new social, mobile, and online technologies to deliver that audience and targeting for the benefit of the advertisers.  Journalistic purists - realize that those pursuits can and must co-exist with self-serving promotion.  And give the audience and readership credit to understand and appreciate the difference.  Everyone wins.

  • Staci D. Kramer

    Think you'll have to be satisfied with two parts this time, thanks.

  • Jordan

    errr… Part III?

  • Jordan

    Great interview Staci, love this stuff!  Can't wait for part II…

  • It is seriously stunning that this kind of stuff is a topic people haven't figured out from the get go. What environment has content EVER been free, really?

    People are making the adaption to the internet a lot harder than it needs to be.

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