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Leading Voices
What The Future Will Look Like For Journalists

Jim Spanfeller is president and CEO of Forbes.com. He is also treasurer of the Online Publishers Association and chairman emeritus of the Interactive Advertising Bureau.

It is a tough time to be a professional journalist. Newspapers are downsizing or disappearing completely, magazines are failing every day and the ones surviving are getting thinner. Online, the rage is all about aggregation and consumer-generated content. But I firmly believe that in the future we will need more professional journalists than we have today and they will be as valued—or perhaps even more highly valued—than they were 10 years ago.

Will these professionals work for the same institutions that they work for now? More likely no then yes. Certainly some of our current journalistic enterprises will survive and thrive but only the ones that make the transition to a “now economy” that demands “entwined content,” or stories told in prose, video and data all at the same time. The majority of the current kings of content don’t understand these changes or perhaps they do but feel helpless to respond to them. Today consumers wants to know what is happening right now (not 20 hours ago), and they want personal insight into the events. And by personal I do not mean from the point of the view of the writer (although clearly that is part of the puzzle) but rather personal to them. What do these events mean to me? How will they affect my world?

News for news sake will continue to be commoditized, but news that is specific to the end user and filled with real-time education will be hard to come by and highly valued. This will require smart, diligent reporters who do most of their work before the event happens. In other words, they know the topic inside and out, they know who the movers and shakers around that topic are, and, more importantly, they can get those movers and shakers to respond quickly at almost anytime of day.

Stories will still develop over time and across many specific installments of reporting. But the idea of a “scoop” having great value is gone. In an internet-enabled world, a scoop lasts for only a very fleeting period of time. The real value is the insight about that scoop. And because the web is multimedia, video will be extremely important too. We want to see the event; we want to feel like we are there with the reporter. So a reporter will also have to be good with a camera.

It will also be important to present raw data well. “Give me your thoughts,” say the readers, but let me see the data as well. Give me a chance to disagree with your theories and commentary. For this to happen, the institution supporting and paying the journalist will have to collect or buy the appropriate data and present it in a way that is both easy to understand and work with.

The world has changed, yes, but at the end of the day, people are still, well, people. They still have a need to know what is going on around them and how it may affect them. We have the tools to meet these needs, but unfortunately most of the legacy distributors of news have not been able to use them. Either they are too overwhelmed by the destruction of their current models or they are too leveraged with debt—or, in some cases, both— to see the opportunities within all the change.

This is not to say that consumer-generated content will go away. There will be blogs, or blog-like entities forever. And, clearly, the blogs will be read, but for the most part, not by many people. They more often than not will be highly targeted and not highly trusted. The exceptions will quickly be gobbled up by professional organizations and displayed as commentary, or morph into professional organizations of their own. This site is a great example of that. It launched as a blog but now holds very little in common with what most people would define as a blog. For the most part, the folks who create the content on this site (myself being a very obvious exception) are professional journalists. They make their living doing this and they will keep making their living doing it because readers like you and me find value in it. Because we trust it.

This last thought holds great hope for the legacy journalistic endeavors out there. Trust is a rare and highly valuable thing in media. It was one of the key reasons that Forbes.com was as successful as it was in the early days. We had instant credibility. But trust in and of itself will not win the day. Sites that don’t use the assets of the new form factor (as discussed above) will not be up to the competition, and online, the competition is more fierce than in any medium that has come before, because it is so easy for end-users to click away.

Which, of course, brings us back to why journalists will be the key factor in the success of any content site that deals with news. It is also the reason that barriers to entry online have now gotten as high as anything offline—and therein lies the silver lining for the legacy companies. Perhaps when the web was an infant, a site would be given leeway to find its legs, its voice and gain traction with readers. Now that the web is in its adolescence, there is little room for “finding one’s way.” You get just one shot with readers to show them what you can do, and you better do well enough with it to get them to come back another time.

Jul 14, 2009 3:50 PM ET
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Posted In: Features, Leading Voices, Jobs & Layoffs, Media & Publishing, Magazines, Newspapers, Online News

  • Elaine Fry

    There will always be a requirement for professional journalists to compile and distill the bombardment of information into a logical, sensible, factual "stories." See the except from Lee Bollinger's (President of Columbia University) 2009 Commencement Address:

    ..." the Internet - that is making global communication so pervasive - is simultaneously undermining the financial model of the traditional press, as we've known it.  Ironically, and unfortunately, at the very moment when we want and need more serious study of and reporting on global issues, we are getting less and less of it.  Universities - including Columbia - are expanding their presence internationally, but the press is pulling back - closing foreign bureaus and decreasing coverage of international news.  This is in addition to an observable and regrettable regression in some of the media into triviality, popular obsessions, and intolerant and shallow opinion-mongering.

    No one should take this development lightly.  As Walter Lippmann wrote about the shortcomings of the press in its coverage of the First World War, a crisis of journalism is a crisis of democracy.  No one should assume that the institutions committed to a professional culture of journalism or scholarship can be replaced by thousands of individual, citizen-journalists, just as you cannot replace our great universities with multiple individual websites each offering specialized knowledge in an atomized way.  Sometimes you need big, strong news organizations to challenge the vast powers of government, corporations and other large institutions."

  • Mrigank Dhaniwala

    The views in this column generally hold true. But take the case of India, where newspaper readership is booming and print publications are spawning, despite falling ad-spends. News on the Internet is still skimming the surface of the upper and upper-middle classes, who know the English and have good broadband connections…

    Will the Indian media go the American way, where sensationalism and gloss is preferred over rock-solid research and content? (and correct me if I am wrong) Because if it does, there is going to be an even greater need for professionally trained and ethically upright journalists, who will tell good stories that nobody wants to hear.

  • Jilted Journalists

    We are heartened to hear that journalists will still be needed.  But how are we going to pay for them?
    Please see our Bastille Day blog about the blending of The Fourth Estate and "Commoners" and the waning need to "tax" advertisers so they can underwrite the cost of delivering personal news. Link is at
    http://www.jiltedjournalists.com

  • Jim Spanfeller

    Peter - We have indeed applied most if not all of these strategies at Forbes.com and we have found that they work very well indeed.  I can't say we have done all of the all the time but that is our goal.

    What we found as I said above is that people still want what they have always wanted.  Now the bar is higher in getting it to them.
    Thanks for you question.

  • Sramana Mitra

    You may want to read my Future of Journalism post:
    http://www.sramanamitra.com/2009/03/01/future-of-journalism/

  • peter

    Jim,
    How have you applied these strategies at Forbes?  What's worked so far?  Would love to hear any lessons learned.

  • ed dunn

    Let's go back to the nineties during daytime television. Remember the nice soap operas and oprah and donahue and even the cute People Court?

    And we saw what happened - Riki Lake, Jerry Springer, Jenny Jones, Judge Judy, Maury - all gutter tabloid productions designed for the quick provocative cheapshot to garner short-span attention.

    Not to take a jab at Jim but even he knows that the journalism is already being reduced to Jerry Springer style content and sinking deeper and deeper to the bottom of the barrel.

    Because for every upstanding 20th century journalist like Jim Spanfeller there is a Jim Cramer out there doing for the in-your-face cheap thrill reporting and analysis.

  • inisheer

    I happen to agree with the viewpoint in this article. Unfortunately most editors are way behind the curve in understanding this stuff.

  • steve

    comedy is always a good thing to add to a serious web property like paidcontent, right?

  • Joe Fresburn

    Jim Spanfeller and his cronies at OPA are a bunch of blow-hards.  This guy has produced shit and should be thrown out with the rest of the losers in the publishing industry.

    Jim, you are a loser.

  • Guest

    In the future the individual reputations of bloggers/ journalists will become of paramount importance for the audiences that they themselves have developed. The future belongs to individuals who know how to filter the information and what other bloggers/ news sources are valid.

  • patricia

    The models will follow because the web is a platform and the same rules that applied to all other platforms also apply to it. The fact that business people can't figure out how to make money is because they are not seeing it this way.

    Great post. A lot of what is said here is true.

  • L. McDuff

    I hear there's a song about it….

    Nice post!  You can certainly discern the difference in journalistic quality regardless of format.  Let's hope the business models follow.

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